Throughout history, dogs have been not only beloved companions, but also symbols of royalty and nobility. Some dog breeds have been favored by kings, queens and aristocrats, transcending their role as mere pets to becoming symbols of power, status and inheritance. These breeds often have interesting histories, linked to the lives of the rich and powerful, and were bred to have specific traits that appealed to their royal owners. From lapdogs that graced the courts of emperors to hunting companions of kings, these breeds hold a special place in dog history. This article highlights seven dog breeds with notable histories of royalty and nobility, exploring their origins, their roles in the lives of the aristocracy and how their royal past has shaped their modern appearance.
1. Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a breed with roots deeply rooted in British royal history. Named after King Charles II of England, who was rarely seen without a pack of these little spaniels, they have been a favorite of the British aristocracy for centuries. King Charles II loved his spaniels so much that he ordered them to be allowed to be kept in any public place, including the Houses of Parliament. These dogs were valued for their sweet nature and companionship. Their depiction in paintings and literature during the 17th and 18th centuries further solidifies their status as dogs of royalty and high society. Even today, the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel remains a popular choice for those looking for an aristocratic and affectionate pet.
2. Pekingese
The Pekingese breed has a storied past in Chinese imperial history. These dogs were exclusive to the Chinese imperial court and were so revered that stealing them was punishable by death. Pekingese were believed to bring good luck and were considered sacred. According to legend, this breed was created by Buddha, who shrunk a lion to the size of a dog. His lion-like appearance and regal conduct were greatly admired by Chinese emperors. The closely guarded treasure of the palace did not leave China until the late 1800s. Their long history as companions of Chinese aristocrats makes them historically one of the most important imperial dog breeds.
3. Greyhound
Greyhounds are among the most ancient dog breeds, depicted in art and literature dating back to the time of the Egyptian pharaohs. They were later adopted by European nobility, particularly admired for their speed and hunting ability. Greyhounds were so revered for their hunting skills that, for centuries, laws prevented anyone outside the elite class from keeping them. Their smooth, graceful appearance and graceful demeanor also contributed to their status as a noble breed. Greyhounds have been endorsed by many historical figures, including Queen Elizabeth I of England, who established the first known rules for the sport of greyhound coursing.
4. Borzoi
The Borzoi, also known as the Russian Wolfhound, has a history linked to the Russian aristocracy. These dogs were bred by Russian nobles to hunt wolves and were admired for their speed, agility, and beauty. The Borzoi became a symbol of wealth and status among the Russian elite. Grand hunting parties were held, where Borzois demonstrated their hunting skills. The breed’s long, silky coat and luxurious appearance made it a favorite among Russian kings and aristocrats. Even after the fall of the Russian Empire, the Borzoi has retained its status as a beautiful and noble breed, valued for both its beauty and historical significance.
5. Shih Tzu
The history of the Shih Tzu is closely linked to Chinese royalty. These dogs, raised within the walls of the Forbidden City, were the beloved pets of Chinese emperors and their families. The name “Shih Tzu” translates to “lion dog”, indicative of their revered status and lion-like appearance. These dogs were companions and lap warmers to emperors, and were believed to carry within them the spirits of monks and lions. The breed was so highly prized that, for many years, the Chinese refused to sell, trade, or give anything away. The Shih Tzu remains a popular breed today, known for its friendly nature and royal lineage.
6. Bichon Frize
The Bichon Frize, with its soft white coat and playful behavior, was a favorite among the European elite, especially in France and Spain. The history of the breed can be traced back to the 14th century when they were traded by Spanish sailors and found favor in the French royal courts. King Henry III of France was particularly fond of his Bichons, often keeping them in a special basket that he wore around his neck. The breed’s popularity among royalty and aristocrats spread throughout Europe, with their appearance often depicted in portraits alongside their wealthy owners. The playful and affectionate nature of the Bichon Frize has made it a beloved breed even in modern times.
7. Italian Greyhound
The Italian Greyhound, the smallest of the sighthounds, was a favorite of Italian aristocrats during the Renaissance. This breed was prized for its beauty, docility and companionship. They were often depicted in portraits with their aristocratic owners, symbolizing luxury and sophistication. Their popularity spread throughout Europe, becoming a favorite in the royal courts, including those of Catherine the Great of Russia and Queen Victoria of England. Italian Greyhounds were not only valued as lap dogs, but were also admired for their hunting abilities, despite their small size. The breed’s long-standing association with royalty and the upper class has cemented its beauty and status as an aristocratic dog.
These seven dog breeds, each of which has a rich history of association with royalty and the aristocracy, highlight the diverse roles dogs have played in human society. From the lap-warming Shih Tzus of Chinese emperors to the wolf-hunting Borzois of the Russian Tsars, these breeds have been cherished and revered by some of the most powerful figures in history. Their stories provide information about the cultural and historical significance of dogs, reflecting the values, aesthetics, and lifestyle of the time. Today, these breeds continue to be admired, not only for their great past but for their enduring qualities that make them beloved companions in the modern world.